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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Tumors of female reproductive system</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Tumors of female reproductive system</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Опухоли женской репродуктивной системы</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1994-4098</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1999-8627</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1078</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1994-4098-2023-19-1-69-81</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MAMMOLOGY. ORIGINAL REPORTS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАММОЛОГИЯ. ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Predictive multigenic scale. Analysis of own results in metastatic breast cancer</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Предиктивная 100-генная шкала. Анализ диагностической эффективности при метастатическом раке молочной железы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0871-9453</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Paltuev</surname><given-names>R. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Палтуев</surname><given-names>Р. 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Октябрьская, 182а</p><p>Ставрополь</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Matevosyan</surname><given-names>D. L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Матевосян</surname><given-names>Д. Л.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>603093</p><p>11 / 1 Delovaya St.</p><p>Nizhny Novgorod</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>603093</p><p>ул. Деловая, 11 / 1</p><p>Нижний Новгород</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3835-6622</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mudzhiri</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Муджири</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>125367</p><p>80 Volokolamskoe Shosse</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125367</p><p>Волоколамское шоссе, 80</p><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff11"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Poltareva</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полтарева</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>153040</p><p>5 Lyubimova St.</p><p>Ivanovo</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>153040</p><p>ул. Любимова, 5</p><p>Иваново</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sevryukova</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Севрюкова</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>355047</p><p>182a Oktyabrskaya St.</p><p>Stavropol</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>355047</p><p>ул. Октябрьская, 182а</p><p>Ставрополь</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0077-9619</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Semiglazov</surname><given-names>V. F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семиглазов</surname><given-names>В. Ф.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>197758</p><p>68 Leningradskaya St.</p><p>Pesochnyy Settlement</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197758</p><p>ул. Ленинградская, 68</p><p>пос. Песочный</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4305-6691</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Semiglazova</surname><given-names>T. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семиглазова</surname><given-names>Т. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>197758</p><p>68 Leningradskaya St.</p><p>Pesochnyy Settlement</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197758</p><p>ул. Ленинградская, 68</p><p>пос. Песочный</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4242-2629</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Urezkova</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Урезкова</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>197758</p><p>68 Leningradskaya St.</p><p>Pesochnyy Settlement</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197758</p><p>ул. Ленинградская, 68</p><p>пос. Песочный</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Churilova</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чурилова</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>656045</p><p>110k Zmeinogorskiy Trakt</p><p>Barnaul </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>656045</p><p>Змеиногорский тракт, 110к</p><p>Барнаул</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Association of Oncological Mammology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Общероссийская общественная организация «Российское общество онкомаммологов»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N. N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Петрова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Stavropol Regional Clinical Oncological Dispensary</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ СК «Ставропольский краевой клинический онкологический диспансер»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Altai Regional Clinical Oncological Dispensary</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">КГБУЗ «Алтайский краевой онкологический диспансер»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian-Finnish Clinic “Scandinavia”</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российско-финская клиника «Скандинавия»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff6"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Ivanovo Regional Oncological Dispensary</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ОБУЗ «Ивановский областной онкологический диспансер»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff7"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pyatigorsk Interdistrict Oncological Dispensary</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ СК «Пятигорский межрайонный онкологический диспансер»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff8"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Nizhny Novgorod Regional Clinical Oncological Dispensary</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ НО «Нижегородский областной клинический онкологический диспансер»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff9"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Multidisciplinary Clinical Medical Center “Medical City”</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГАУЗ ТО «Многопрофильный клинический медицинский центр «Медицинский город»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff10"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Part Institution Educational Organization of Higher Education “Medical University Reaviz”</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Частное учреждение образовательная организация высшего образования «Медицинский университет «Реавиз»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff11"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Scientific Center of Neurology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-06-26" publication-format="electronic"><day>26</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>69</fpage><lpage>81</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-06-25"><day>25</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ojrs.abvpress.ru/ojrs/article/view/1078">https://ojrs.abvpress.ru/ojrs/article/view/1078</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>   Background.</bold> Breast cancer is one of the most common female malignancies. Molecular diagnostic methods of tumor profiling allow us to analyze individual tumor characteristics, identify new prognostic and predictive markers.</p><p><bold>   Aim. </bold>To increase the efficacy of systemic therapy for breast cancer and reduce inappropriate prescriptions using the data on individual molecular tumor characteristics; to develop a polygenic panel to ensure a tailored approach to systemic therapy for breast cancer.</p><p><bold>   Materials and methods. </bold>We analyzed 84 tumor tissue samples from pre- and postmenopausal women with metastatic breast cancer who were treated and followed-up in 6 healthcare institutions. We assessed expression of genes involved in breast cancer. In a pilot study, we analyzed archived paraffin-embedded tumor specimens form 12 out of 1,216 patients with T1–2N0M0 breast cancer included into retrospective analysis. Gene expression was assessed using the nCounter technology based on direct digital detection of targets using fluorescent barcodes (nCounter Analysis System; NanoString Technologies, USA). Tumor tissue (biopsy and surgical specimens) was analyzed. The choice of genes was based on the literature data and experience in the development of other polygenic panels, as well as clinical significance of markers of prognostic scales. Gene mutations were confirmed by next generation sequencing and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.</p><p><bold>   Results. </bold>We analyzed the expression of 28 genes with a high predictive value that have been substantially studied (including ESR1, PGR, PIK3CA, BCAR4, BCAS2, CCND1, CCND2, CCND3, FOXA1, Erb2, EGFR, CDH3, FOXC1, KRT14, KRT5, CD274, CDK4, CDK6, P53, PTEN, BRCA1, BRCA2, CHEK2, CLDN3, CLDN7, AR, TOP2a, TUBBIII). We identified 29 cases of discrepancy (29 / 84; 34.5 %) in tumor subtype, including 11 cases of luminal A and B breast cancer, which might potentially affect the choice of the treatment regimen. In 18 cases, there were some principal discrepancies in the tumor subtype that implied totally different treatment regimens. The proposed polygenic signature allows accurate identification of the tumor subtype in patients with metastatic breast cancer and choice of an optimal treatment strategy.</p><p><bold>   Conclusion. </bold>We have developed a 100-gene signature including molecular subtypes of breast cancer (luminal A, luminal B, basal, claudin-like) and treatment-oriented clusters. Molecular tumor profiling using this polygenic signature is an accurate method for determining tumor subtype in patients with breast cancer, which enables a tailored approach to therapy.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>   Введение. </bold>Рак молочной железы (РмЖ) – наиболее часто встречающееся онкологическое заболевание в женской популяции. Молекулярные методики оценки генетического профиля опухоли позволяют более точно изучить свойства опухоли индивидуально, выявить новые прогностические и предиктивные маркеры.</p><p><bold>   Цель исследования</bold> – повысить эффективность системной терапии РмЖ, снизить количество необоснованных назначений с помощью данных об индивидуальных молекулярно-генетических характеристиках опухоли, разработать мультигенную панель для обеспечения персонализированного подхода к назначению системного лечения РмЖ.</p><p><bold>   Материалы и методы. </bold>В рамках исследования в образцах опухолевой ткани (всего 84 образца) пациенток пре- и постменопаузального возраста с метастатическим РмЖ, которые наблюдались и получали лечение в 6 медицинских учреждениях, изучена экспрессия мРНК 100 генов, участвующих в развитии РмЖ. Предварительно в качестве тестового исследования был проведен анализ архивного материала из парафиновых блоков опухолей 12 пациенток из 1216 больных с T1–2N0M0 РмЖ, включенных в ретроспективный анализ. Анализ экспрессии генов проводили с использованием технологии nCounter, основанной на прямой цифровой детекции мишеней с помощью флуоресцентных штрих-кодов (nCounter Analysis System компании NanoString Technologies, США). Исследуемым материалом являлись образцы опухолевой ткани (биоптаты или операционный материал). Выбор генов основан на результатах изучения данных литературы и опыта разработки других мультигенных структур, а также клинической значимости маркеров прогностических шкал. исследования с целью подтверждения мутации генов проводили методами секвенирования нового поколения и полимеразной цепной реакции с обратной транскрипцией.</p><p><bold>   Результаты.</bold> Выполнен анализ экспрессии 28 генов с высокой предиктивной значимостью и значительным накопленным опытом изучения по данным литературы (ESR1, PGR, PIK3CA, BCAR4, BCAS2, CCND1, CCND2, CCND3, FOXA1, Erb2, EGFR, CDH3, FOXC1, KRT14, KRT5, CD274, CDK4, CDK6, P53, PTEN, BRCA1, BRCA2, CHEK2, CLDN3, CLDN7, AR, TOP2a, TUBBIII). По результатам сравнения было выявлено 29 случаев (29 / 84; 34,5 %) расхождения в оценке подтипа опухоли. В 11 случаях расхождения относились к люминальным а и В подтипам РмЖ, что может оказать влияние на выбор оптимальной лекарственной терапии. В 18 случаях расхождения относились к подтипам опухоли РмЖ, для которых рекомендуются принципиально различные схемы лекарственной терапии. Разработанная мультигенная сигнатура в рамках одного лабораторного исследования обеспечивает точное определение подтипа опухоли у пациенток с метастатическим РмЖ и выбор оптимальной тактики лекарственной терапии.</p><p><bold>   Заключение. </bold>Разработанная 100-генная сигнатура включает молекулярные подтипы РмЖ (люминальный а, люминальный В, базальный, клаудиноподобный) и лечебно-ориентированные кластеры. Молекулярно-генетическое профилирование опухоли с использованием данной мультигенной сигнатуры является точным методом определения подтипа опухоли у пациенток с РмЖ, что определяет возможность индивидуализации тактики лекарственной терапии.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>polygenic panel</kwd><kwd>polygenic signature</kwd><kwd>breast cancer</kwd><kwd>molecular diagnostics</kwd><kwd>gene expression</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мультигенная панель</kwd><kwd>мультигенная сигнатура</kwd><kwd>рак молочной железы</kwd><kwd>молекулярная диагностика</kwd><kwd>экспрессия генов</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Novartis provided a grant for the study. Pfizer provided an independent grant for the study.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Компания «Новартис» предоставила грант на проведение исследования. 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