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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Tumors of female reproductive system</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Tumors of female reproductive system</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Опухоли женской репродуктивной системы</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1994-4098</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1999-8627</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1371</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1994-4098-2025-21-2-16-25</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MAMMOLOGY. ORIGINAL REPORTS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАММОЛОГИЯ. ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Breast cancer during pregnancy: an oncologist’s viewpoint</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Рак молочной железы во время беременности: точка зрения онколога</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1346-933X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ulrikh</surname><given-names>D. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ульрих</surname><given-names>Д. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Darya Glebovna Ulrikh </p><p>68 Leningradskaya St., Pesochnyy Settlement, Saint Petersburg 197758 </p><p>7 Piskarevskiy Prospekt, Saint Petersburg 195067 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дарья Глебовна Ульрих </p><p>197758 Санкт-Петербург, пос. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, 68 </p><p>195067 Санкт-Петербург, Пискаревский проспект, 47 </p></bio><email>dashaulrikh@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4898-9159</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Krivorotko</surname><given-names>P. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Криворотько</surname><given-names>П. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>68 Leningradskaya St., Pesochnyy Settlement, Saint Petersburg 197758 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197758 Санкт-Петербург, пос. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, 68 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2029-4582</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhiltsova</surname><given-names>E. K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жильцова</surname><given-names>Е. К.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>68 Leningradskaya St., Pesochnyy Settlement, Saint Petersburg 197758 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197758 Санкт-Петербург, пос. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, 68 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6442-0106</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bondarchuk</surname><given-names>Ya. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бондарчук</surname><given-names>Я. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>68 Leningradskaya St., Pesochnyy Settlement, Saint Petersburg 197758 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197758 Санкт-Петербург, пос. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, 68 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Solomakhina</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соломахина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>68 Leningradskaya St., Pesochnyy Settlement, Saint Petersburg 197758 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197758 Санкт-Петербург, пос. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, 68 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2421-3284</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Amirov</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Амиров</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>68 Leningradskaya St., Pesochnyy Settlement, Saint Petersburg 197758 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197758 Санкт-Петербург, пос. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, 68 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1982-5710</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mortada</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мортада</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>68 Leningradskaya St., Pesochnyy Settlement, Saint Petersburg 197758 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197758 Санкт-Петербург, пос. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, 68 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2573-2211</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pesotskiy</surname><given-names>R. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Песоцкий</surname><given-names>Р. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>68 Leningradskaya St., Pesochnyy Settlement, Saint Petersburg 197758 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197758 Санкт-Петербург, пос. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, 68 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2567-6168</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Каlinina</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калинина</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2 Akkuratova St., Saint Petersburg 197341 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197341 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, 2 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4305-6691</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Semiglazova</surname><given-names>T. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семиглазова</surname><given-names>Т. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>68 Leningradskaya St., Pesochnyy Settlement, Saint Petersburg 197758 </p><p>7 Piskarevskiy Prospekt, Saint Petersburg 195067 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197758 Санкт-Петербург, пос. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, 68 </p><p>195067 Санкт-Петербург, Пискаревский проспект, 47 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2701-8812</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ulrikh</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ульрих</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>68 Leningradskaya St., Pesochnyy Settlement, Saint Petersburg 197758 </p><p>7 Piskarevskiy Prospekt, Saint Petersburg 195067 </p><p>2 Akkuratova St., Saint Petersburg 197341 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197758 Санкт-Петербург, пос. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, 68 </p><p>195067 Санкт-Петербург, Пискаревский проспект, 47 </p><p> 197341 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, 2 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0077-9619</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Semiglazov</surname><given-names>V. F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семиглазов</surname><given-names>В. Ф.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>68 Leningradskaya St., Pesochnyy Settlement, Saint Petersburg 197758 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197758 Санкт-Петербург, пос. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, 68 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Oncology Center, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Петрова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">V.A. Almazov National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В.А. Алмазова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Петрова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Oncology Center, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff6"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Петрова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff7"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В.А. Алмазова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff8"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">V.A. Almazov National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Петрова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff id="aff9"><institution>N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Oncology Center, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-08-03" publication-format="electronic"><day>03</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>16</fpage><lpage>25</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-08-01"><day>01</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-08-01"><day>01</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ojrs.abvpress.ru/ojrs/article/view/1371">https://ojrs.abvpress.ru/ojrs/article/view/1371</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background</bold>. Malignant neoplasms occur in 0.05–0.1 % of all pregnancies, breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignant neoplasm associated with pregnancy. The prognosis of this pathology remains a subject of debate due to conflicting research findings and requires a multidisciplinary approach to minimize risks for both mother and fetus. The prognosis of this pathology remains a subject of debate due to conflicting research findings and requires a multidisciplinary approach to minimize risks for both mother and fetus.</p><p><bold>Aim</bold>. Identification of problems in clinical and morphological diagnostics of pregnancy-associated BC to improve treatment outcomes.</p><p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> This study included 35 patients over the age of 18 years with a diagnosis of breast cancer during pregnancy, who received treatment at the N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Oncology Center and the V.A. Almazov National Medical Research Center from May 2017 to March 2024.</p><p><bold>Results</bold>. The average age of patients was 35.34 ± 3.57 years. The diagnosis was established on average at 23 weeks of pregnancy, at stages II–III of the disease. 21 patients (60 %) were estrogen-receptor- and progesterone-receptornegative by the immunohistochemical subtype. Genetic mutations were detected in 30.3 % of cases. Pregnancy was terminated in 3 (8.8 %) patients. Systemic therapy during pregnancy was performed in 18 (51.4 %) patients, surgery – in 3 (8.6 %) patients, and 11 (31.4 %) women refused treatment during pregnancy and started it only after delivery. Progression of BC was detected in 8 (22.9 %) of cases. Locoregional recurrence was diagnosed in 1 (2.9 %) patient.</p><p><bold>Conclusion</bold>. The complexity of treatment and the growth of the population of patients diagnosed with pregnancyassociated BC confirm the need for analysis of individual cases, multicenter studies, and the creation of a common registry to determine clear algorithms for diagnosis and management of this pathology. For timely diagnosis of BC during pregnancy, it is necessary to conduct examinations of the mammary glands (ultrasound diagnostics) in early stages of women over 30 years of age. It is necessary to further study the division of the concepts of diagnosis of BC during pregnancy and BC during lactation (for at least 3 years after delivery) for a more accurate assessment of the prognosis of the disease and optimization of recommendations for the management of these patients.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение</bold>. Злокачественные новообразования встречаются в 0,05–0,1 % случаев всех беременностей, при этом рак молочной железы (РМЖ) является наиболее распространенным злокачественным новообразованием, ассоциированным с беременностью. Прогноз данной патологии остается предметом дискуссий в связи с противоречивыми заключениями исследований, также это заболевание требует мультидисциплинарного подхода для минимизации рисков как для матери, так и для плода.</p><p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> – выявление проблем клинико-морфологической диагностики РМЖ, ассоциированного с беременностью, для улучшения результатов лечения.</p><p><bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. В данное исследование включены 35 пациенток в возрасте старше 18 лет с диагнозом РМЖ на фоне беременности, получавшие лечение на базе Национального медицинского исследовательского центра онкологии им. Н.Н. Петрова и Национального медицинского исследовательского центра им. В.А. Алмазова в период с мая 2017 г. по март 2024 г.</p><p><bold>Результаты</bold>. Средний возраст пациенток составил 35,34 ± 3,57 года. Из 35 беременных со злокачественными опухолями молочной железы диагноз в среднем был установлен на 23-й неделе беременности, на II–III стадиях заболевания. У  21 (60 %) пациентки опухоли были эстроген-рецептор- и прогестерон-рецептор-отрицательными по иммуногистохимическому подтипу. Генетические мутации выявлены в 30,3 % случаев. Прервали беременность 3 (8,8 %) пациентки. Системная терапия на фоне беременности была проведена 18 (51,4 %) пациенткам, оперативное вмешательство – 3 (8,6 %), и 11 (31,4 %) женщин отказались от лечения на фоне беременности и начали его лишь после родоразрешения. Прогрессирование РМЖ было установлено в 8 (22,9 %) случаях. Локорегионарный рецидив диагностирован у 1 (2,9 %) пациентки.</p><p><bold>Выводы</bold>. Сложность в лечении и рост популяции пациенток с диагнозом РМЖ, ассоциированного с беременностью, подтверждают необходимость анализа отдельных случаев, проведения многоцентровых исследований, а также создания общего регистра с целью определения четких алгоритмов для диагностики и ведения данной патологии. Для своевременной диагностики РМЖ на фоне беременности необходимо проводить обследование молочных желез (ультразвуковая диагностика) на ранних сроках у женщин в возрасте старше 30 лет. Необходимо дальнейшее изучение разделения понятий РМЖ на фоне беременности и РМЖ на фоне лактации (в течение как минимум 3 лет после родоразрешения) для более точной оценки прогноза заболевания и оптимизации рекомендаций по ведению этих пациенток.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>breast cancer</kwd><kwd>pregnancy</kwd><kwd>reproductive system</kwd><kwd>malignant neoplasm</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак молочной железы</kwd><kwd>беременность</kwd><kwd>репродуктивная система</kwd><kwd>злокачественное новообразование</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Cordeiro C.N., Gemignani M.L. Gynecologic malignancies in pregnancy: Balancing fetal risks with oncologic safety. Obstet Gynecol Surv 2017;72(3):184–93. DOI: 10.1097/OGX.0000000000000407</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Boudy A.S., Zaccarini F., Selleret L. et al. 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