Tumors of female reproductive systemTumors of female reproductive systemОпухоли женской репродуктивной системы1994-40981999-8627Publishing House ABV Press52410.17650/1994-4098-2016-12-4-47-51ГИНЕКОЛОГИЯ. ОБЗОРEndometriosis-associated ovarian cancerЭндометриозассоциированный рак яичниковLevakovS. A.ЛеваковС. А.
Russian Federation

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Professional Education, 

Build. 2, 8 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991

Кафедра акушерства и гинекологии Института профессионального образования,

119991 Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2

GromovaT. A.ГромоваТ. А.
Russian Federation

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Professional Education, 

Build. 2, 8 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991

Кафедра акушерства и гинекологии Института профессионального образования,

119991 Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2

KedrovaA. G.КедроваА. Г.
Russian Federation

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 

91 Volokolamskoe Shosse, Moscow 125371

кафедра акушерства и гинекологии,

125371 Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 91

kedrova.anna@gmail.comSheshukovaN. A.ШешуковаН. А.
Russian Federation

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Professional Education, 

Build. 2, 8 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991

Кафедра акушерства и гинекологии Института профессионального образования,

119991 Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of RussiaФГБОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава РоссииInstitute for Advanced Training, Federal Biomedical Agency of RussiaФГБОУ ДПО «Институт повышения квалификации ФМБА России»10122016124475109022017090220172016https://ojrs.abvpress.ru/ojrs/article/view/524

This article reviews recent advance in our understanding of ovarian endometriomas, with special reference of atypical epithelial features (atypical endometriosis) and its relationship to neoplasm. Mainly, two epithelial ovarian carcinoma subtypes, the ovarian clear cell carcinomas and the endometrioid ovarian carcinomas, have been molecularly and epidemiologically linked to endometriosis. The clear cell and endometrioid adenocarcinomas have common immunohistochemical markers, genetic changes are the same as atypical endometriosis. The occurrence of ARID1A mutations and alterations in the PI3K/AKT pathway in endometriosis and endometriosis-associated ovarian carcinomas, as well as the possible functional and clinical implications are discussed in this review. Therefore, development of a screening method that can detect mutations of ARID1A and activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway might enable early diagnosis of endometriosis associated ovarian cancers and endometrial cancers.

Статья посвящена вопросам прогрессирования эндометриоза и последним достижениям в понимании основных путей канцерогенеза эндометриозассоциированного рака яичников. Два наиболее часто связанных с эндометриозом подтипа рака яичников – светлоклеточная и эндометриоидная аденокарциномы – имеют общие иммуногистохимические маркеры и генетические изменения. Появление генетических мутаций в генах-супрессорах (ARID1A, PTEN) и протоонкогенах (PIK3CA) происходит уже на этапе атипичного эндометриоза, который становится гормонорезистентным, имеет повышенные концентрации воспалительных цитокинов и высокий риск канцерогенеза. В связи с этим обнаружение мутации ARID1A и активации PI3K/AKT-сигнального пути может помочь ранней диагностике рака яичников, а профилактические мероприятия по ингибированию овуляции, снижению риска ретроградной менструации, профилактике гиперэстрогении могут привести к положительным результатам, снижая риск развития рака.

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