Tumors of female reproductive systemTumors of female reproductive systemОпухоли женской репродуктивной системы1994-40981999-8627Publishing House ABV Press64510.17650/1994-4098-2019-15-2-10-29MAMMOLOGY. ORIGINAL REPORTSМАММОЛОГИЯ. ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИBiological rationale for a patient-specific approach in the treatment of breast cancer. Clinical value of novel biomarkers of breast cancerБиологическое обоснование персонализации лечения рака молочной железы. Клиническое значение определения новых маркеров рака молочной железыhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0871-9453PaltuevR. M.ПалтуевР. М.
Russian Federation

68 Leningradskaya St., Pesochnyy Settlement, Saint Petersburg 197758

Руслан Маликович Палтуев

197758 Санкт-Петербург, пос. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, 68

paltuev@mail.ruN.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of RussiaФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Петрова» Минздрава России0609201915210290609201906092019https://ojrs.abvpress.ru/ojrs/article/view/645

Breast cancer, being the most common type of malignant diseases, remains a significant challenge for both clinicians and fundamental researchers. The implementation of screening mammography, as well as adjuvant and neoadjuvant systemic therapy has made a significant progress in tackling the disease. The studies aimed at the assessment of novel biomarkers of breast cancer, alternative to standard ones, are becoming increasingly relevant. A number of new markers, such as p53, CK5/6, SMA, p63, PHH3, E-cadherin, EGFR, FOXA1, androgen receptors, TILs etc., have demonstrated their high predictive and/or prognostic value in multiple studies. New findings suggest that evaluation of novel biomarkers in breast cancer requires further thorough analysis.

Recent studies have identified the role of biomarkers in choosing an optimal treatment strategy for breast cancer, estimated the prognostic value of biomarkers associated with tumor proliferative activity (including cyclin D1, G1-cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6, and cyclin-dependent kinases 8/19), specified the role of phospho-histone H3 (which is a proliferation marker that can be used to determine tumor grade), and evaluated the prognostic value of androgen receptors and other biomarkers. Multiple studies have also analyzed the expression of various biomarkers and their impact on overall and relapse-free survival.

Рак молочной железы (РМЖ), являясь наиболее часто встречающимся онкологическим заболеванием, остается актуальной проблемой как для клиницистов, так и для фундаментальных исследователей. Положительное влияние в лечении заболевания оказало внедрение программ маммографического скрининга, адъювантной и неоадъювантной системной терапии. Большую актуальность набирает изучение биологических маркеров РМЖ, альтернативных стандартным маркерам, широко вошедшим в рутинную клиническую практику. Целый ряд показателей, таких как р53, CK5/6, SMA, p63, PHH3, E-кадгерин, EGFR, FOXA1, рецепторы андрогенов, TILs и др., в многочисленных исследованиях демонстрируют свою предиктивную и/или прогностическую значимость. Результаты исследований свидетельствуют о том, что изучение новых биологических маркеров при РМЖ требует дальнейшего подробного анализа.

Многочисленные исследования позволили определить роль биомаркеров в выборе тактики лечения РМЖ, отметить прогностическое значение биомаркеров, связанных с пролиферативной активностью опухоли, в частности, циклина D1, G1-циклинзависимых киназ (CDK) 4 и 6, циклинзависимых киназ 8/19, указать важность фосфогистона H3, который является маркером пролиферации и может быть использован для определения степени злокачественности опухоли, изучить также прогностическое значение рецепторов андрогена и других биомаркеров. Были проведены исследования по изучению экспрессии биомаркеров и влияния ее на общую и безрецидивную выживаемость.

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