Влияние лучевой терапии на отдаленные результаты лечения при одномоментных одно- и двухэтапных реконструктивнопластических операциях у больных раком молочной железы. Обзор литературы

Использование имплантатов в реконструктивной хирургии молочной железы позволяет отказаться от выполнения мастэктомии у большинства пациенток, обеспечить более быструю реабилитацию и минимизировать психологическую травму из-за отсутствия молочной железы. Лучевая и/или лекарственная терапия является необходимой частью комбинированного/комплексного лечения и снижает риск развития локального рецидива, прогрессирования заболевания и смерти. В свою очередь, проведение дополнительного лечения повышает частоту послеоперационных осложнений, таких как длительное заживление ран, инфицирование, протрузия/экструзия эндопротеза, развитие капсулярной контрактуры, серома, гематома и др. Дистанционная лучевая терапия существенно влияет на эстетический результат как в раннем, так и в отдаленном периоде, а выполнение реконструктивно-пластических операций может усложнить проведение лучевой терапии. Спорными остаются вопросы, в какие сроки и как необходимо проводить лучевую терапию, при каком виде реконструкции и как минимизировать частоту осложнений без ущерба для онкологических и эстетических результатов лечения больных раком молочной железы.

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