Objective: to study the possibilities of tissue elastography and contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the differential diagnosis of primary and metastatic ovarian tumors in uterine cancer patients.

Materials and methods. The results of observations of 8 patients were analyzed.

Results. We identified 8 patients with ovarian tumors, of whom 4 had synchronous primary cancers of the endometrium (synchronous group) and ovary and 4 had endometrial cancer with ovarian metastasis (metastasis group). Ovarian tumors in the synchronous group were more often unilateral, the structure of the ovarian tumor is more often multilocular-solid with uneven, clear contours, the size of the ovaries exceeds 6 cm, and the ovaries were mapped with 4 types of elastograms during tissue elastography. In this group dissemination of the process was not detected. Ovarian tumors in metastasis group were both bilateral and unilateral, represented by solid formations with clear, even contours, ovarian size did not exceed 6 cm, disseminated process was revealed in half of the cases (metastases in the greater omentum and in the retroperitoneal lymph nodes). With tissue elastography solidformations in the structure of the ovaries were mapped mainly by type 5 elastograms. With contrast-enhanced ultrasound in areas of a solid structure a rapid accumulation of the contrast agent in the arterial phase and its rapid excretion into the venous phase was revealed, only the contours of the walls and septum were visualized in the late phase with the multilocularsolid structure of the ovary.

Conclusions. When we conduct an ultrasound examination of patients with a uterine cancer, a thorough study of the structure of the ovaries is important for timely diagnosis of the tumor. Further development of differential diagnostic criteria for macrometastases and synchronous ovarian tumors using modern ultrasound technologies is a promising task, since this information is necessary to correct the volume of surgery in this category of patients.

We performed retrospective analysis of cytological and histological smears from 52 women examined and treated in N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia. We have developed a simplified method of densitomorphometry using cytological smears stained with hematoxylin and eosin to verify the diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). We have identified threshold values for the differentiation between CIN-1/2 and CIN-3: integrated optical density of 4.5 C and percentage of atypical nuclei with a ploidy level ≥5 C of 40 %. The new method verified the morphological diagnosis of CIN in 18 out of 52 patients (34.6 %), including those with discrepant results of cytology and histology. The method can be also used to verify the cytological diagnosis of CIN-3 in patients with negative histology.

Objective: to assess the efficacy of Sideral forte (combination of sucrosomial iron and vitamin C) in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia in patients with tumors of the female reproductive system.

Materials and methods. The study included 35 patients with benign tumors of the female reproductive system and 27 patients with cancer; all of them were also diagnosed with grade I iron deficiency anemia. The duration of therapy with Sideral forte at a dose of 1 capsule per day varied between 30 and 60 days. We evaluated frequency and intensity of clinical and hematological response to treatment, as well as drug tolerability.

Results. Therapy with Sideral forte ensured improvement of blood parameters in both patient groups. All participants received the drug during 8 weeks; it was well tolerated, demonstrated no side effects, and did not cause gastrointestinal disorders. The increase in the level of hemoglobin was observed in both groups; however, cancer patients had less pronounced dynamics.

Conclusions. Sideral forte is an effective oral drug that can be used for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia in patients with tumors of the female reproductive system.

Background. Treatment of patients with advanced cancers of the female reproductive system is very challenging. The most common treatment scheme for such patients includes paclitaxel 135—175 mg/m² + carboplatin AUC 5—6 or cisplatin 75 mg/m². However, lengthy treatment with this regimen is limited by adverse events, such as neuropathy, allergic reactions, nephropathy, etc. The new micellar form of paclitaxel has demonstrated better tolerability compared to conventional paclitaxel and, considering the increased safe effective dose (up to 250 mg/m²) it should ensure higher efficacy and better progression-free survival. The use of cremophor EL free paclitaxel is recommended in patients with concomitant extragenital diseases (including diabetes and neurological deficit), in elderly patients, and in patients with allergic reactions, as well as in cases when additional steroids should be avoided.

Objective: to summarize the experience of using the new form of paclitaxel in patients with tumors of the female reproductive system and concomitant diseases.

Materials and methods. We analyzed both world and our own experience in using micellar paclitaxel at a dose of200—250 mg/m² administered as a 1-hour intravenous infusion every 21 days for 3—6 treatment cycles in patients with solid tumors of the female reproductive system.

Results. The polymeric micellar composition of cremophor EL free paclitaxel can be used in higher therapeutic doses with a lower risk of hypersensitivity and peripheral neurotoxicity. Fatigue and neuropathy were the most common dose-dependent adverse events of this drug. Nonew adverse reactions unknown for paclitaxel have been registered.

Conclusions. The possibility of administration of micellar paclitaxel without premedication with steroids or at a minimum dose* makes it a promising candidate for further studies in combination with new targeted drugs and immunotherapy.

The article covers various aspects of clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of vulvar, vaginal, and cervical melanomas.

The article covers different aspects of clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of vulvar, vaginal, and cervical sarcomas.

Gestational trophoblastic disease is a group of pathological conditions of the trophoblast, which includes both benign and malignant forms. Epithelioid trophoblastic tumor is one of the rare malignant trophoblastic tumors. The tumor develops from intermediate trophoblastic cells and is characterized by the absence of villi and presence of clusters of atypical mononuclear trophoblastic cells and elements of syncytiotrophoblast, similar to epithelial cells in their appearance. Patients with epithelioid trophoblastic tumors usually have extragenital tumor foci with no pathology detected in the uterus. Pelvic ultrasound is an essential stage of such patients' examination. Conventional ultrasound and Doppler ultrasonography are informative, reliable, easy to use, and non-invasive diagnostic procedures that provide wide opportunities of dynamic evaluation of the disease during the course of anticancer therapy and subsequent follow up. Comprehensive diagnostics enables timely detection of a rare morphological variant of a malignant trophoblastic tumor and ensures right decision on the treatment strategy, which is the key to a favorable outcome with preserved reproductive function.